全国2008年7月自学考试《综合英语（二）》试题

　　请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上
　　I.语法、词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共15小题。每小题1分，共15分)
　　Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(15 points)
　　1. You should have been more patient ________ that customer.
　　A. of B. with
　　C. for D. at
　　2. You may ______ this book; I don’t want it anymore.
　　A. get B. remain
　　C. maintain D. keep
　　3. His plans are very ______. He wants to master Chinese, English and French before he enters university.
　　A. arbitrary B. aggressive
　　C. ambitious D. abundant
　　4. Mary used to get up late,________?
　　A. does not she B. didn’t she
　　C. did she D. use she
　　5. This music album is____ as it was the only one ever signed by the pop star.
　　A. unusual B. unique
　　C. rare D. special
　　6. They have discussed the problem for several times but could come to no______.
　　A. end B. conclusion
　　C. result D. judgment
　　7. In ancient times, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals ______ sightseeing.
　　A. than to go B. rather than to go
　　C. other than going D. more than going
　　8. Don’t risk ______ the job which so many people want.
　　A. losing B. to lose
　　C. lost D. your life to lose
　　9. Fruit is rich _______ vitamins.
　　A. with B. in
　　C. at D. of
　　10. The boy never lets his friends ______ when they need his help.
　　A. in B. down
　　C. off D. out
　　11. The noise was so ____ that only those with sensitive hearing were aware of it.
　　A. dim B. soft
　　C. faint D. gentle
　　12. When the poor girl heard the bad news, she ______ completely.
　　A. broke away B. broke up
　　C. broke down D. broke out
　　13. The purpose of teaching is to____ the minds of the students rather than dull them.
　　A. refresh B. renew
　　C. stimulate D. encourage
　　14. ______ in the country, we had few social engagements.
　　A. Living B. Having been lived
　　C. Being lived D. Having lived
　　15. “You haven’t lost your ticket, have you?”
　　“I hope ______ .”
　　A. so B. no
　　C. not D. didn’t
　　Ⅱ．完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
　　Fill in each blank in the passage with the most likely answer. (15 points)
　　From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 16 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 17 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future attainments (成就) and cultural growth increased.
　　Many linguists believe that evolution is 18 for our ability to produce and use language. They 19 that our highly evolved brain provides us 20 an innate (天生的) language ability not found in lower organisms (生命体). Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 21 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 22 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore, there are critical biological times for language development.
　　Current 23 of innateness theory are mixed. However, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 24 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 25 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 26 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 27 of their first language have become firmly fixed.
　　28 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 29 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that interaction with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language acquisition than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 30 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
　　16. A. generated B. evolved C. born D. originated
　　17. A. valuable B. appropriate C. convenient D. favorite
　　18. A. essential B. available C. reliable D. responsible
　　19. A. confirm B. inform C. claim D. convince
　　20. A. for B. from C. of D. with
　　21. A. potential B. performance C. preference D. passion
　　22. A. as B. just as C. like D. unlike
　　23. A. reviews B. reference C. reaction D. recommendation
　　24. A. In a word B. In a sense C. Indeed D. In other words
　　25. A. various B. different C. the higher D. the lower
　　26. A. revealed B. exposed C. engaged D. involved
　　27. A. regulations B. formations C. rules D. constitutions
　　28. A. Although B. Whether C. Since D. When
　　29. A. distinguished B. different C. protected D. isolated
　　30. A. As a result B. After all C. In other words D. Above all
　　Ⅲ．难句释义。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
　　Choose the closest paraphrased version for each of the sentences or italicized parts.(10 points)
　　31. Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I had learned more back then about what really matters.
　　A. The things I learned at school really matters a lot when I apply them to the cases nowadays.
　　B. The things I learned at school doesn’t matter a lot when I apply them to the cases nowadays.
　　C. I feel grateful that I have learned a lot of useful things at that time.
　　D. I would feel grateful if I had really learned a lot of useful things at that time.
　　32. Time is therefore always ticking in our inner ear.
　　A. We can always hear the sound of the passing time.
　　B. It always reminds us how time flies and we should hurry up.
　　C. We always carry a watch with us, therefore we can hear the ticking.
　　D. We should carry a watch with us, therefore we can hear the ticking.
　　33. It was an insult not only to the old woman but to all mothers.
　　A. The faithless son not only insulted his mother but also all mothers.
　　B. The faithless son not only disappointed his mother but also all mothers.
　　C. Not only the old woman but also all mothers felt offended and hurt by the son’s faithless behavior.
　　D. Not only the old woman but also all mothers felt that the son was faithless.
　　34. You’ll never see it again. His business is with other’s money.
　　A. You can never see him again, because he is always doing business with others.
　　B. You can never see your money again, because he is always doing business with others.
　　C. You can never see your money again, because he is always investing money in business.
　　D. You can never see your money again, because he is always earning his money by making use of other’s money.
　　35. Many millions of dollars have since passed through my hands.
　　A. Since I received that one dollar and twenty cents, I have dealt with many millions of dollars.
　　B. After I received that one dollar and twenty cents, I have earned many millions of dollars.
　　C. After I received that one dollar and twenty cents, many millions of dollars have fallen into my hands.
　　D. Because of my hard work, I have earned millions of dollars.
　　36. “King Claudius weather.” said Laura, looking prettily shy as she made the literary allusion.
　　A. A whether pattern.
　　B. The weather that dominates the season.
　　C. The weather that is changeable.
　　D. The weather of the season when there is a lot of snow.
　　37. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven.
　　A. In fact my maternal grandfather once cut a flower when he was sixty-seven.
　　B. My maternal grandfather died sooner than was normal in his best time when he was sixty-seven.
　　C. My maternal grandfather planted flowers when he was and died at the age of sixty-seven.
　　D. My maternal grandfather didn’t like planting flowers and died at the age of sixty-seven.
　　38. For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more special and carries a heavier burden of commitment.
　　A. In the eyes of a Frenchman, friendship with a German and Englishman is usually special and demands much responsibility.
　　B. In the eyes of a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is a special thing and burden of commitment.
　　C. For a Frenchman, German or English friendship is more special and demands more responsibility.
　　D. In the eyes of a Frenchman, a German as well as an Englishman, friendship is something special, and it demands much responsibility.
　　39. Flunk one more course, and I’m out.
　　A. If I fail another course, I’ll be transferred to another university.
　　B. If I fail to find the right way, I’ll lose the game.
　　C. If I fail another course, I’ll have to quit.
　　D. If I fail another course, I’ll go out of the university.
　　40. There is a great deal to be said for the suburb.
　　A. About the suburb there is a long story.
　　B. The suburb is really worth being described a lot.
　　C. Everybody agrees that the suburb is beautiful.
　　D. It’s not enough to give such a brief description about the suburbs.
　　Ⅳ．阅读理解。阅读短文，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共l0小题，每小题2分，共20分)
　　Read the two passages and answer the questions. (20 points)
　　Passage 1
　　Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal (人际的) relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有压力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
　　Social support, cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support, money aid, material resources, and needed services--that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.
　　41．Interpersonal relationships are important because they can________．
　　A．make people live more easily B．smooth away daily problems
　　C．deal with life changes D．cure types of illnesses
　　42．The researches show that people’s physical and mental health_______．
　　A．1ies in the social medical care systems which support them
　　B．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
　　C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
　　D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes
　　43．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“cushions”?
　　A．Takes place of． B．Makes up of．
　　C．Lessens the effect of． D．Gets rid of．
　　44．Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of _______.
　　A．social companionship B．informational support
　　C．instrumental support D．the strengthening of self-respect
　　45．What is the subject discussed in the text?
　　A．Interpersonal relationships． B．Kinds of social support．
　　C．Ways to deal with stress． D．Effects of stressful condition．
　　Passage 2
　　Fred Michel is one of 7.2 million Americans who moonlight．
　　Once a week, after his day job as medical director of a mental health center，the 40-year-old
　　psychiatrist(精神科医生)heads to a part-time job at a treatment center for young people．Twice a month，he travels three hours to another teenage treatment center．
　　Last year，5.4 percent of the American workforce held second jobs，according to the US Labor Department，and that looks set to increase this year．
　　Many workers like the safety that moonlighting provides，says Carl Hausamn，the writer of “Moonlighting：148 Great Ways to Make Money to the Side”．
　　The information from the US Labor Department shows that 40 percent of US moonlighters in 1997 took a second job to meet household expenses or pay off debts．Others save money or buy some special things．
　　People also take second jobs with an eye to the future—wanting to try out a new field or gain experience．
　　Michel started moonlighting when medical systems were unstable(不稳定的)．He wanted to make sure he wasn’t tied to one system that ended up failing．
　　Just as the purposes for moonlighting vary，the moonlighters cross all age and racial groups．And they work in a variety of industries-?no longer just service，office and sales jobs．
　　“Technology just affects your ability to make money,” Hausman says. “That makes a frequent change in moonlighting.”
　　As its name means, moonlighting still occurs mostly at night. And that results in some pressures. Chief among them is time.
　　Full-time employers could misunderstand, too. Some companies do not allow after-hour work because they fear it will affect their employees’ 9-to-5 performance.
　　“The primary employer is saying, ‘Wait, I’m paying you for the sharp, fresh, energetic you,’”says Tom Gimbel, president and founder of LaSalle Staffing in Chicago. “If you’re burning yourself at both ends, it’s going to show.”
　　Still, the good done to the moonlighters can be great. Besides extra income, moonlighters enjoy variety, freedom and chance to do something new. They also may find their part-time jobs strengthen what they do full time.
　　Besides, “it’s fun,” Michel says. Not only do his part-time jobs offer a chance to network, stretch his professional skills and make more money, but they also give him the variety he wouldn’t find just in a full-time job.
　　“It’s a way of pulling from the spice cabinet,” he says, “and offering a little variety throughout the day.”
　　46. What is the closest definition of “moonlight”?
　　A. Go out at night.
　　B. Do some secret things at night.
　　C. Take some part-time jobs at night.
　　D. Go out for a walk at night.
　　47. What is the article mainly about?
　　A. The ways of moonlighting. B. The reasons for moonlighting.
　　C. The problems with moonlighting. D. The kinds of people who moonlight.
　　48. The reason why Fred Michel began to moonlight is that ______.
　　A. he found it exciting to do a part-time job
　　B. he needed to make ends meet with more money
　　C. he feared he would lose his present job one day
　　D. he felt more and more pressure from his employer
　　49. Some companies don’t allow their workers to moonlight because they are afraid ______.
　　A. their workers cannot do extra-hour work for them
　　B. their workers will be too tired to try their best at work
　　C. their workers will one day turn to some other different jobs
　　D. their workers will not get to work and be off work on time
　　50. The underlined sentence “It’s a way of pulling from the spice cabinet.” in the last paragraph means________.
　　A. moonlighting gets you away from the job you don’t enjoy
　　B. moonlighting offers you freedom to make extra money
　　C. moonlighting strengthens your professional skills
　　D. moonlighting brings you chances to do something different
　　Ⅴ．词形转换。将括号里提供的词转换成适当的词形填入答题纸上相应的位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
　　Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. (10 points)
　　51. The unexpected failure really made all of us . (frustrate)
　　52. When we are working out the plan, we should take into consideration. (impossible)
　　53. This problem is left due to limited time. (touch)
　　54. Everybody considers it is hard to reach to the level of by Einstein. (accomplish)
　　55. Quality as well as are required in this national program. (rapid)
　　56. Chairman Mao is such a great man that we all hold him in great . (revere)
　　57. Every university will be under in terms of teaching, equipment and so on. (inspect)
　　58. We thought Mary would do well in the test, but she succeeded beyond our . (expect)
　　59. Overindulged children are often to the needs and feelings of others. (sense)
　　60. I don’t want to be laughed at in public; it is so . (embarrass)
　　Ⅵ．句子翻译。将下列句子译成英语，译文写在答题纸上相应的位置。 (本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分。)
　　Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)
　　61．经常性的体育运动使学生身体强壮，更好地适应学习，决不是浪费时间。
　　62．英雄因其成就出众，而名流则因其形象或者特征出名。
　　63．我现在不能做出任何承诺，但是我会考虑这件事情的。
　　64．他从不把思想观点强加给学生，而是鼓励他们独立思考。
　　65．在他看来，他只需表达出意愿，事情就会办成。
　　VII．作文。根据所学的一篇课文，写出150字左右的短文。(本大题共1小题，15分)
　　Write a short composition of about 150 words based on one of the texts you have learnt.(15 points)
　　66. “The mother uses up her last strength, and he does not even know the meaning of loyalty.”