全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语（一）试题

I. Vocabulary and Structure （10 points， 1 point each）
　　从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
　　1 .You have to pass the test     _you can get the driving license.
　　A.if
　　B .as
　　C.while
　　D .before
　　2 .As you can see from the table， when the demand for steel rises，      _.
　　A. so do prices
　　B .so prices do
　　C .neither do prices
　　D.neither prices do
　　3.All students must have access to quality education without regard      wealth or class.
　　A.for
　　B .of
　　C.in
　　D.to
　　4 .Progress so far has been very good， and we are confident that the project      on time.
　　A. will complete
　　B.has completed
　　C .will be completed
　　D.has been completed
　　5 .The room is still in a mess；it      thoroughly cleaned.
　　A. can't have been
　　B .mustn't have been
　　C .wouldn't have been
　　D.shouldn't have been
　　6 .By the time the rescuers. got back to the camp， they had nearly       of water.
　　A. put out
　　B.run out
　　C.gone short
　　D.cut short
　　7 .The new bridge should reduce     time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes.
　　A. tripping
　　B .touring
　　C .traveling
　　D.journeying
　　8.Paula      a special mention for all the help she has given us.
　　A. observes
　　B.deserves
　　C.preserves
　　D.reserves
　　9 .The details of the reforms are to be released       next month.
　　A. timely
　　B .randomly
　　C .officially
　　D.purposely
　　10.Make a list of what you need to bring so that you don't      anything.
　　A. fail
　　B.dismiss
　　C.oversee
　　D.overlook
　　II .Cloze Test （10 points， 1 point each）
　　下面的短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
　　A picture in today's newspaper shows the body of a shark hanging with its head down. A scale is measuring it   11    . The lines below the picture   12    that the shark is a very big one.It is perhaps one of the biggest ever caught in the area. The person who brought in the fish looks extremely   13   .He had won a battle    14    one of nature's fiercest creatures.
　　Some people，   15   ， do not approve of catching sharks. They do not think all sharks are terrifying enemies.They   16    that some snakes threaten people more than sharks do .Scientists say that sharks are   17   in the ocean. They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting ensures that other fish do not become too   18   iii number. So， in a way， sharks    19   other creatures in the ocean.
　　Scientists worry that sharks are in   20   of dying out. It is estimated that fishing operations kill more than one million sharks every year.
　　11，A. size    B.length        C.width        D. weight
　　12. A.say        B.tell            C.remark        D.describe
　　13.A.sad        B.pleased        C.confused    D.skillful
　　14.A.at        B.in            C.for            D. with
　　15.A. however   B.besides        C.therefore    D.further
　　16.A. guess    B.argue        C.assume        D.predict
　　17.A. careless    B. acceptable    C. valuable       D.useless
　　18.A. great    B.weak.          C.strong        D.small
　　19.A. develop    B.protect        C.threaten    D.endanger
　　20.A. shape    B.place        C.danger        D.position
　　III .Reading Comprehension （30 points，2 points each）
　　从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
　　Passage One
　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
　　Some multimedia companies predict that， in a few years' time， production of newspapers and magazines will have been halved， for we will he turning to our computers to get the latest news. To publishers， this means the arrival of the e-book.
　　But is this the end of the book and the newspaper？ I doubt it. I do not think anything can replace the book. This is partly because， although some people believe that technology is capable of anything， it isn't yet！ To begin with， the Internet is slow. Even though work is constantly being carried out to solve this problem， demand for the Internet is increasing too fast for scientists to keep up. What is more， it takes much longer for us to read on the computer. Research shows that we read 50% more quickly on paper than on a computer screen.
　　In addition， it seems that we like the feel of books and magazines－we like to put them in our bags or pockets and take them out on the bus or the train on the way to work. We like to sit and read in the park or on the beach. For many of us， the idea of Sunday morning without a cup of coffee and some newspapers is unimaginable.
　　We like to decorate our rooms with them， too .How many of us would exchange what we have now－a row of books in a bookcase， or a pile of magazines on the coffee table－for a row of little screens？
　　Nevertheless， by the time e-books have become as widely available as printed ones， it is likely that at least some of us will have changed our minds.
　　21 .According to some multimedia companies， production of newspapers and magazines      .
　　A. will be reduced by half
　　B .has been reduced by half
　　C .will be increased by 50%
　　D .has been increased by 50%
　　22.According to the passage， people read      .
　　A. as quickly on paper as on the computer
　　B .half as quickly on paper as on the computer
　　C .50% more quickly on the computer than on paper
　　D .50% more quickly on paper than on the computer
　　23 .The third paragraph is mainly related to      .
　　A. technical problems
　　B.reading habits
　　C.functions of books
　　D.prices of books
　　24.How many reasons does the passage provide for books as against e-books？
　　A.2
　　B .3
　　C.4
　　D.5
　　25 .Judging by the passage， the author      .
　　A.prefers books to e-books
　　B. likes e-books better than books
　　C. loves both books and e-books
　　D.welcomes the arrival of e-books
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
　　Debbie Fields is at a party with her husband， Randy Fields， a well-known economist. The guests flatter Randy， eager to hear his economic forecast. But when the same guests discover that Debbie is a housewife， they suddenly remember conversations they desperately need to have on the other side of the room. They treat Debbie like an absolute zero.
　　Finally， the host turns to Debbie with questions about her life and future plans. She tries hard， but cannot come up with any definite answers. Finally， he asks in an annoyed tone， "What do you intend to do with your life？"
　　"I'm mostly trying to get orientated."
　　"The word should be oriented（寻找方向）。Learn to use the English language！"
　　Debbie feels hurt. She decides not to live in anyone else's shadow. She will find something of her own to do. But what？ What Debbie had always loved doing was making chocolate chip cookies. She had experimented with recipes（配方） since she was 13 years old-adding more butter， less flour， more and different kinds of chocolate until she hit upon an ideal combination， Now， she has this idea. She will open up a little store and sell her cookies.
　　"Bad idea，"Randy's business friends say， their mouths full of cookies."It'll never work."They shake their heads as they lick the last bits of chocolate from their fingers. "Forget it." Randy feels the same way. So do the loan officers she approaches for financing. But she sets her heart on her cookie business.
　　At 9：00 a.m. on August 18，1977，Debbie opened her cookie shop.But nobody came to buy her cookies.By noon she was desperate. She loaded up a tray and began walking around the street where her shop was located， trying to give away cookies.It worked. Once people tried the cookies， they loved them and came back to the shop for more. By the end of the day， she had sold $50 worth. On day two， she took in $75.The rest is cookie history.
　　Today， with over 600 stores and 1，000 employees， "Mrs.Fields Cookies" has sales in the multi-millions.A mother of five， Debbie continues to share her winning philosophy with businessmen around the world.
　　26.That the guests "suddenly remember conversations they desperately need to have on the other side of the room" （para. 1）      .
　　A. shows how well-known Randy Fields is
　　B .indicates their interest in economic affairs
　　C .is an excuse to get away rom Debbie Fields
　　D .suggests how women are looked down upon
　　27. Judging by what he says，the host      .
　　A. dislikes professional women
　　B. appreciates good housewives
　　C .admires Debbie Fields very much
　　D.thinks little of Debbie Fields' life
　　28 .When she decided to start her own cookie business， Debbie Fields met with      .
　　A. support
　　B .disapproval
　　C.competition
　　D.indifference
　　29."The rest is cookie history" （para. 7） means      .
　　A. it is the beginning of the cookie business
　　B .it is not difficult to start a cookie business
　　C .what follows is history-making in cookie business
　　D .what happens after that is recorded in history books
　　30.The story of Debbie Fields shows      .
　　A. the low self-esteem of women
　　B .the importance of marketing
　　C .women's contributions to their family
　　D .the significance of careers for women
　　Passage Three
　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
　　There are two basic ways to see growth： one as a product， the other as a process.People generally look upon personal growth as a result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion the student whose grades improve， the foreigner who learns a new language一一all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
　　By contrast， the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine， since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts along the way. The process is not the road itself， but rather the attitudes and feelings people have， as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles.In this process， the journey never really ends； there are always new ways to experience the world， new ideas to try， and new challenges to accept.
　　In order to grow and travel new roads， people need to be willing to take risks， to confront the unknown， and to accept the possibility that they may fail at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of life is essential to our ability to grow. Do we see ourselves as quick and curious？ If so， then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences.Do we think we are shy？ Then our shyness can cause us to hesitate， to act more slowly， and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we are slow to adapt to changes o.r that we are not smart enough to cope with a new challenge？ Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
　　These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. However， if we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts and if we protect ourselves too much， we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
　　31 .The first paragraph cites the examples of the worker， the student and the foreigner to show        .
　　A. personal growth as a process
　　B .personal growth as a product
　　C .the difficulty of measuring growth
　　D.the importance of personal efforts
　　32.The most important factors in the process ofpersonal growth are      .
　　A. attitudes and feelings
　　B. chances and obstac1es
　　C .efforts and achievements
　　D.the roads people take
　　33.According to the passage， it is easier to      .
　　A. judge personal growth by results
　　B .study the causes of people's failures
　　C .look upon personal growth as a journey
　　D.judge people by obstacles they overcome
　　34.The consciousness of one's own shyness may lead to      .
　　A. action
　　B .safety
　　C.inaction
　　D.curiosity
　　35.The passage emphasizes that      .
　　A. self protection is necessary for personal achievements
　　B .personal growth has to do with how one sees himself
　　C .more attention should be paid to measurable results
　　D .personal successes are the result of one's efforts
　　PART TWO（50 POINTS）
　　Iv .Word Spelling （10 points， 1 point for two words）
　　将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。 请将 完整的单词写在答题纸上。
　　36.水手，海员n. S _____
　　37.集合；装配V.     a_____
　　38.谬误，错误n. e_____
　　39.修改，更正V.     m_____
　　40.下定义，解释V. d _____
　　41.装置；手段n. d_____
　　42.普通的，平凡的a.    o_____
　　43.输出品；出口n. V.      e_____
　　44.火焰 n.      f________
　　45.姿势，手势n. g________
　　46.鼓舞；使产生灵感      V. i______
　　47.假期，假日n. h_____
　　48.复杂的；综合体a.n. c______
　　49.图书馆，n.  l_____
　　50.相互的；共同的a. m_____
　　51.获得，得到V.    o_____
　　52.使平衡；均衡v.n.    b_____
　　53.配偶；伙伴n. p_____
　　54二活跃的；活动中的a.    a_____
　　55.消除，排除V.     r_____
　　v .Word Form （10 points， 1 point each）
　　将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
　　56.The garden was full of      （color） and unusual flowers.
　　57. The lamp suddenly went out， leaving us in total      （dark）。
　　58.She applied to her      （employ） for a pay rise， but she was refused.
　　59.The company has      （broad） its product range in the US.
　　60.He tried to give us a quick      （explain）of how the machine worked.
　　61 .She watched the boat sail out to sea until it      （appear） over the horizon.
　　62 .The victims received a one-time        （pay）of ＄2，000 from the government.
　　63.The university hopes to        （strength） its ties with the local community.
　　64 .Mary is suffering from a rare disease which causes fever and a         （lose）of appetite.
　　65.Helen Zia is a very        （impress）public speaker. Whenever she makes a speech， there is a large audience.
　　VI .Translation from Chinese into English（15 points，3 points each）
　　将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
　　66.他每月比我多挣一千元。
　　67.给我印象最深的是他的写作风格。
　　68.这栋楼是由一位二十岁的年轻人设计的。
　　69.王奶奶感到难以适应城市的生活。
　　70.如果他们准时出发，应当在下午五点钟到达北京。
　　VII .Translation from English into Chinese （15 points）
　　将下面的短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
　　People's ideas about cats and dogs vary from culture to culture. For many people in the US and Europe， they are pets （宠物）。People keep them and treat them like members of their families， and there are also special shops that sell food for pets. Yet in other parts of the world cats and dogs are treated differently. There， people hold a practical attitude toward these animals， who not only work for people but also are killed for food. People own cats and dogs because cats keep away mice and dogs are ideal、animals that . help guard their property. They also love these animals， but seldom see them as equal to family members.